While Jackie Robinson's breakthrough in 1947 opened the gates of opportunity for African Americans and other minority players, it was not until 1971 when a team first enjoyed a full and complete level of integration, with half of its twenty-five-man roster comprised of players of African American and Latino descent. That team was the Pittsburgh Pirates, managed by an old-time Irishman.
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://img.mlbstatic.com/mlb-images/image/private/ar_16:9,g_auto,q_auto:good,w_1024,c_fill,f_jpg/mlb/ja4crocexsia4y6tpdmj)
The day the Pirates fielded the first all-Black and Latino lineup
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/6e73803/2147483647/strip/true/crop/963x1200+0+0/resize/880x1097!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F77%2F59%2F009f47c540af9cdcb041907e9db0%2Foliver-al-140.jpg)
Pittsburgh Pirates Mark 50 Years Since Historic All-Black And -Latino Lineup
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/81P+V8KwsWL._SY250_.jpg)
The Team That Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates: Markusen, Bruce: 9781594160899: : Books
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/05/20/obituaries/Stennett-01/Stennett-01-mediumSquareAt3X.jpg)
Rennie Stennett, Pirate Who Had Seven Hits in a Game, Dies at 72 - The New York Times
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://h2j7w4j4.stackpathcdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/arriba-000012.jpg)
Roberto Clemente: Baseball Rebel – Society for American Baseball Research
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://9b16f79ca967fd0708d1-2713572fef44aa49ec323e813b06d2d9.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/1140x_a10-7_cTC/20210713ng-Clemente01-1626349580.jpg)
The granddaddy of them all': Why the T206 Honus Wagner isn't Pittsburgh's only prized baseball card
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/51GZ2qQ8grL._SL10_UR1600,800_CR200,50,1200,630_CLa%7C1200,630%7C51GZ2qQ8grL.jpg%7C0,0,1200,630+82,82,465,465_PJAdblSocialShare-Gradientoverlay-largeasin-0to70,TopLeft,0,0_PJAdblSocialShare-AudibleLogo-Large,TopLeft,600,270_OU01_ZBLISTENING%20ON,617,216,52,500,AudibleSansMd,30,255,255,255.jpg)
The Team That Changed Baseball by Bruce Markusen - Audiobook
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://www.denverpost.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/20060422_033956_bk23clementecvr.jpg?w=200)
Clemente biography captures more than a baseball legend – The Denver Post
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://static01.nyt.com/images/2015/06/20/upshot/20UP-CLEMENTE/20UP-CLEMENTE-superJumbo.jpg)
Clemente, the Double Outsider - The New York Times
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Remembering the Life and Legacy of Roberto Clemente
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The Team That Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates: Markusen, Bruce: 9781594160899: : Books
![The Team that Changed Baseball: Roberto Clemente and the 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates [Book]](https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/media/canonical_images/film/RobertoClemente_2800x1576.jpg)
Watch Roberto Clemente, American Experience, Official Site
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Baseball, American history isn't complete without Clemente's story
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Carlos Delgado says MLB should retire Roberto Clemente's No. 21
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Black and Gold: The Pirates made history, statement in 1971